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KMID : 1143420170100491324
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Public Health Weekly Report
2017 Volume.10 No. 49 p.1324 ~ p.1332
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Trends in vaccine and therapeutic researches for henipavi
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Lee Han-Saem
Lee Joo-Yeon
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Abstract
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Background: Henipaviruses, including Hendra and Nipah viruses, are newly emerging viruses belonging to the family paramyxovidae viruses. Since their outbreaks in the 1990s, henipaviruses have gained recognition as emerging causes of zoonotic infections due to their high pathogenicity, lethality, and ability to infect a broad range of mammalian species. Although no cases have been reported in Korea until now, these viruses have the potential to cause massive economic losses and threaten public health. Therefore, we introduce the status of diagnosis, vaccines and therapeutic researches of henipaviruses to understand and prepare disease control measures.
Current status: Many studies have been conducted on the development of diagnostic techniques, including real-time polymerase chain reaction and serological tests for henipaviruses. We need to prepare the guideline and laboratory diagnostic systems for the rapid detection of unexpected imported cases. Currently, there are no approved effective prophylactic or therapeutic treatments for henipavirus infections. Recently, many animal experiments have indicated that potential vaccines against henipaviruses include subunit vaccines using viral glycoprotein (G), recombinant viruses bearing glycoproteins and fusion proteins of henipaviruses. Among them, a recombinant Hendra viral G protein has been approved as a vaccine for horses in Australia. In addition, much efforts have been exerted in development of anti-henipavirus therapeutics. We describe several potent therapeutic agents for treating henipavirus infections in animals. It was found out that a human monoclonal antibody, m102.4 has been identified in Australia as a safe and effective therapeutic molecule for reducing the severity of heniphavirus infections.
Future Perspective: There is an urgent need to conduct researches on diagnostics, vaccination, and therapeutics for henipavirus infections internationally. Therefore, governments, multilateral institutions, and other organizations should cooperate, prepare and address cases of imported heniphavirus infections.
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KEYWORD
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Henipavirus, Vaccines, Therapeutic, Zoonotic infection, Public health
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